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1eligibility
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2engagement
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3document builder
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4purchase
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completed
Q1. Information
Typically, if a company has a 'related body' listed on an approved stock exchange, it will be the company's holding company (or its ultimate holding company) that is listed. However, the Company must check whether any holding company, subsidiary, or subsidiary of a holding company were listed at the end of the Company's most recent income year before options will be issued to participants under the Option Scheme. If the Company or any of these entities were listed at this time, then the answer must be 'No'.
The definition of 'approved stock exchange' in the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth) (as set out in the Income Tax Assessment Regulations 1997 (Cth)) is a comprehensive definition, and includes the Australia Securities Exchange, the National Stock Exchange of Australia, the Sydney Stock Exchange in addition to most overseas stock exchanges.
Section 83A.33(2) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth)
Q2. Information
The Company must check when the Company, and any holding company, subsidiary, or subsidiary of a holding company, were incorporated. If any of these entities were incorporated over ten years prior to the end of the Company's most recent income year before options were issued to participants, then the answer must be 'No'.
Disregard: (a) *eligible venture capital investments by a *VCLP, *ESVCLP or *AFOF; and (b) investments by an *exempt entity that is a *deductible gift recipient, when identifying any holding company (within the meaning of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth)).
Section 83A.33(3) Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth)
Q3. Information
"Aggregated turnover" has the meaning given by section 328-115 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth).
Disregard: (a) *eligible venture capital investments by a *VCLP, *ESVCLP or *AFOF; and (b) investments by an *exempt entity that is a *deductible gift recipient, when working out aggregated turnover.
Section 83A.33(4) Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth)
Q4. Information
In order to be eligible for the startup concession scheme under Division 83A of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth), the exercise price of the option must be greater than or equal to the market value of an ordinary share in the Company when the participant acquires the option.
The ATO has published Income Tax Assessment (Method for Valuing Unlisted Shares) Approval 2015 (ESS 2015/1), a safe harbour instrument that can be relied upon by startups to calculate the market value of their ordinary shares. Method 1 of this instrument allows startups to adopt a net tangible asset (NTA) valuation methodology. For most startups, NTA will simply be cash and stock. The instrument also treats certain preference shares in a way that potentially reduces the value of ordinary shares. The value must be assessed at the time that options are granted, and the valuation process must be undertaken each time the Company grants options to a participant.
Q4a. Information
A change of control will typically occur if a person who holds over 50% of a company's shares no longer holds over 50% of the company's shares, or if a person acquires over 50% of a company's shares.
Q4b. Information
The valuation time is the time that options are granted to a participant under the Option Scheme.
Q4c. Information
The valuation time is the time that options are granted to a participant under the Option Scheme.
Q4d. Information
The Company must prepare a financial report (being an annual financial report prepared under Chapter 2M of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth)) that complies with the accounting standards under the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) for the year in which the valuation occurs. The Company should discuss this requirement with its accountant.
The valuation time is the time that options are granted to a participant under the Option Scheme.
Q5. Information
A Company will be an Australian resident if: (1) the Company is incorporated in Australia: or (2) if the Company has not been incorporated in Australia: (i) the Company carries on business in Australia, and has either its central management and control in Australia; (ii) the Company carries on business in Australia and its voting power is controlled by shareholders who are residents of Australia (Section 6(1) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (Cth))
Section 83A.33(6) Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth)
Q6. Information
Section 83A.45(1) Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth)
Q7. Information
Section 83A.45(2) Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth)
Q8. Information
Section 83A.45(3) Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth)
Q9. Information
This condition requires that at all times during the applicable minimum holding period, the Option Scheme is operated so that every acquirer of options under the Option Scheme is not permitted to dispose of options or shares (or a beneficial interest in shares) acquired upon exercise of those options during the "minimum holding period".
The "minimum holding period" for the options is the period starting when the options were acquired under the Option Scheme and ending at the earlier of: (a) 3 years later, or such earlier time as the Commissioner of Taxation allows if the Commissioner is satisfied that: (i) the operators of the Option Scheme intended for this condition to apply to the options during the 3 years after that acquisition of options; and (ii) at the earlier time that the Commissioner allows, all shares in the Company were disposed of under a particular scheme; and (b) when the participant ceases to be employed by the Company.
The Plan Rules are drafted to comply with this requirement. The Company must administer this Option Scheme to comply with this requirement. Note that the Commissioner may not exercise their discretion to allow the disposal of options that occurs earlier than the 3 year minimum holding period to comply with this condition if an exit event (such as a share sale or a listing on a stock exchange) was contemplated at the time that options were granted to a participant. Section 83A.45(4) Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth)
Q10. Information
A participant is taken to: (a) hold a beneficial interest in any shares that they can acquire upon exercise of the options that they are granted under the Option Scheme; and (b) be in a position to cast votes as a result of holding those shares.
Section 83A.45(5) Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth)
Q1. Information
The suggested vesting period is four years. If a participant leaves their employment or engagement with the Company prior to the end of the vesting period, any unvested Options will lapse, and cannot be exercised for shares in the Company. This default vesting position only applies if no vesting conditions are included in a participant's offer letter.
Q2. Information
Consider if Options should vest monthly, quarterly, or annually. Annual vesting is less common than monthly or quarterly.
Q3. Information
During an initial 'cliff' period, usually 12 months, no vesting occurs (regardless of whether vesting would normally occur monthly or quarterly during this period). If a participant leaves their employment or engagement with the Company prior to the end of the cliff period, all Options will be unvested, and will lapse. A 'cliff period' can be seen as the participant's time commitment, or probation period, to the Option Scheme before they will benefit from the scheme. All of the participant's Options that would have vested during the cliff period 'catch-up' vest at the end of that period (provided that the participant continues to be employed or engaged).
Q4. Information
Consider if the vesting of all unvested Options should "accelerate" on an Exit Event, such as a sale of all of the shares in Company or a listing on the Australian Securities Exchange. This would mean all Options (vested and unvested) held by a participant could be exercised into ordinary shares and sold as part of the Exit Event, as if no vesting applies. Note that each participant's offer letter can state a different position to this rule.
Unless a participant is offered Options when the Company is planning or implementing an Exit Event, we recommend that accelerated vesting on an Exit Event applies, to align all Option Scheme participants with the Company and its shareholders in pursuing an Exit Event.
Q5. Information
We recommend that the Company has the right (but not the obligation) to buy-back vested Options if a participant becomes a Leaver, regardless of whether the participant is a 'Good Leaver' or a 'Bad Leaver'. The ability to buy-back vested Options allows startups to 'recycle' equity acquired from Leavers in order to incentivise current or future employees. If a Company decides to allow Leavers to retain their vested Options, we recommend that this applies only to 'Good Leavers' (see Q6).
Q6e. Information
We recommend that the Company has the right (but not the obligation) to buy-back vested Options if a participant becomes a Leaver, regardless of whether the participant is a 'Good Leaver' or a 'Bad Leaver'. The ability to buy-back vested Options allows startups to 'recycle' equity acquired from Leavers in order to incentivise current or future employees. If a Company decides to allow Leavers to retain their vested Options, we recommend that this applies only to 'Good Leavers' (see Q6).
Q5a. Information
We recommend that the Company has no more than 12 months to buy-back vested Options, so that the participant knows where they stand.
Q6f. Information
We recommend that the Company has no more than 12 months to buy-back vested Options, so that the participant knows where they stand.
Q6. Information
It is common for employee incentive schemes to treat Leavers as either 'Good Leavers' or 'Bad Leavers'. The distinction allows the Company to deal with vested Options in a way that takes into account the circumstances in which a participant left the Company. For example, 'Good Leavers' may be allowed to retain their vested Options, or to have their vested Options bought-back by the Company for Fair Market Value, whereas 'Bad Leavers' may have their vested Options bought-back by the Company at a nominal value.
Q6a. Information
Our recommendation is that a 'Bad Leaver' is a participant who commits "serious misconduct" or a similarly grave breach, and not simply a participant who resigns or is terminated for poor performance. Vesting creates a degree of balance and fairness in this respect, by ensuring that participants who resign prior to the end of the vesting period will not be entitled to the value of their unvested Options.
Note that a 'Good Leaver' is any Leaver who is not a 'Bad Leaver'.
Q6b. Information
We recommend that the Company purchases a Good Leaver's vested Options at a price equal to their fair market value as at the date that the Good Leaver becomes a Leaver.
Q6c. Information
We recommend that the Company purchases a Bad Leaver's vested Options for $0.0001 per Option, or such higher price, not to exceed 50% of their Fair Market Value as at the date that the Bad Leaver becomes a 'Leaver'.
Q6d. Information
To the extent that there is no distinction between 'Good Leavers' and 'Bad Leavers', care should be taken to ensure that the price payable to buy-back vested Options from a Leaver is sufficient to incentivise employees while still ensuring that the Company is not left unnecessarily out of pocket in the event that it must buy-back vested Options from a Leaver.
Q7. Information
Consider the Exercise Period, which will only commence when an Option vests, but can commence at a later time. This means that a person would hold a vested Option, and an economic interest in the Company's equity, but could not exercise that Option for a Share (which would give the participant voting and dividend rights, and would require the participant to sign the Shareholders Agreement). In addition, it is easier for the Company to administer Options under the Plan Rules than it is to administer Shares under the Shareholders Agreement. Some startups are content for their employees to exercise their Options once vested, while others are reluctant to allow them to hold Shares. We have suggested that the Exercise Period commence after five years, but this could be extended to say seven years. The alternative is to provide that the Options can only be exercised for Shares (or cashed out) prior to an Exit Event. In our view this may be confusing to explain to participants, or may be seen as unfair if for whatever reason they do not know whether an Exit Event will occur in the next five (or seven) years, as Options have no right to receive dividends, and cannot be sold by the participant.
Q8. Information
The Board Resolution approving the Company's Option Scheme should include a reference to the limit placed on the number of shares, options or rights which can be issued to employees under an employee incentive scheme.
Q9. Information
The Board Resolution must be signed by each of the Company's directors, and the form of the Board Resolution will differ depending on whether the Company is a sole director company or if it has multiple directors.
Q5b. Information
We recommend that the Company has no more than 12 months to buy-back vested Options, so that the participant knows where they stand.
Q5c. Information
Our recommendation is that a 'Bad Leaver' is a participant who commits "serious misconduct" or a similarly grave breach, and not simply a participant who resigns or is terminated for poor performance. Vesting creates a degree of balance and fairness in this respect, by ensuring that participants who resign prior to the end of the vesting period will not be entitled to the value of their unvested Options.
Q5d. Information
We recommend that the Company purchases a Bad Leaver's vested Options for $0.0001 per Option, or such higher price, not to exceed 50% of their Fair Market Value as at the date that the Bad Leaver becomes a 'Leaver'.
Q1. Eligibility
In order to be eligible for the startup concession scheme under Division 83A of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth), the Company, or a relevant related body of the Company, cannot have been listed on any approved stock exchange at the end of the Company's most recent income year before options will be issued to participants under the Option Scheme.
Q2. Eligibility
In order to be eligible for the startup concession scheme under Division 83A of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth), the Company or a relevant related body of the Company cannot have been incorporated more than ten years prior to the Company's most recent income year before a participant will acquire an option under the Option Scheme.
Q3. Eligibility
In order to be eligible for the startup concession scheme under Division 83A of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth), the Company must have an aggregated turnover not exceeding $50 million for the Company's most recent income year before the income year in which a participant acquires an option under the Option Scheme.
Q4. Eligibility
In order to be eligible for the startup concession scheme under Division 83A of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth), the exercise price of the option must be greater than or equal to the market value of an ordinary share in the company when the participant acquires the option.
If the Company will not rely on Method 1 of the Income Tax Assessment (Method for Valuing Unlisted Shares) Approval 2015 (ESS 2015/1) (Safe Harbour Instrument) it must either use Method 2 of the Safe Harbour Instrument (and have a valuation undertaken by the chief financial officer or a person experienced and trained to perform valuations), or disregard the Safe Harbour Instrument and obtain a valuation from an appropriately qualified professional advisor.
Q4a. Eligibility
In order for the Company to rely on the Safe Harbour Instrument, it cannot reasonably anticipate that a change of control will occur within the period ending six months after the valuation time.
The valuation time is the time that options are granted to a participant under the Option Scheme.
Q4b. Eligibility
In order for the Company to rely on Method 1 of the Safe Harbour Instrument, the Company cannot have raised capital of more than $10 million during the period of 12 months immediately before the valuation time.
If the Company has raised capital of more than $10 million in the 12 months before the valuation, it will need to use Method 2 if it seeks to rely on the Safe Harbour Instrument.
Q4c. Eligibility
In order for the Company to rely on Method 1 of the *Safe Harbour Instrument, at the valuation time the Company must either have been incorporated for less than 7 years or be a 'small business entity' within the meaning of section 328-110 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth).
If at the valuation time the Company has been incorporated more than seven years, and is not a small business entity within the meaning of 328-110 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth), it will need to use *Method 2 if it seeks to rely on the *Safe Harbour Instrument.
Q4d. Eligibility
In order for the Company to rely on Method 1 of the Safe Harbour Instrument, the Company will need to prepare a financial report (within the meaning of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) that complies with the accounting standards under the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) for the year in which the valuation time occurs.
Q5. Eligibility
In order to be eligible for the startup concession scheme under Division 83A of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth), the Company must be an Australian resident.
Q6. Eligibility
In order to be eligible for the startup concession scheme under Division 83A of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth), each participant in the Option Scheme must be employed (or engaged) by the Company or a subsidiary of the Company.
Q7. Eligibility
In order to be eligible for the startup concession scheme under Division 83A of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth), all securities or interests acquired by participants under the Option Scheme must relate to ordinary shares.
Q8. Eligibility
In order to be eligible for the startup concession scheme under Division 83A of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth), the Company's predominant business must not be the acquisition, sale or holding of shares, securities or other investments.
Q9. Eligibility
In order to be eligible for the startup concession scheme under Division 83A of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth), the Option Scheme must be administered so that a participant in the Option Scheme cannot dispose of an option (or a share acquired as a result of the exercise of an option) during the three year minimum holding period.
Q10. Eligibility
In order for an individual participant to be eligible for the startup concession scheme under Division 83A of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth), the participant must not hold more than 10% of the shares in the Company or be in a position to cast more than 10% of the votes at a general meeting of the Company (including for this purpose the shares underlying the options to be granted to the participant under the Option Scheme).